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Connect Issue 22
20 April 2009

 

Welcome to the latest issue of Connect

Hello, and welcome to another issue of Connect.

Recent studies suggest violence and abuse in UK workplaces is on the increase. And, worryingly, evidence from a Fit3 employee survey in 2006 showed that 14 per cent of workers believed management wouldn’t have done anything about reported incidents of violence or abuse.

In this issue of Connect we talk to Noel Walsh, a leading legal expert in workplace violence, who provides a checklist on how to tackle violence and abuse in your organisation.

We’re also inviting you to take part in a reader poll on workplace violence to try and gauge the extent of the problem as it stands today.

For our Spotlight feature, we travel to Poole in Dorset to meet Colin French, Health and Safety Manager for RNLI, who talks about high risk rescues and why crews and lifeguards are far more likely to injure themselves on land, rather than out at sea.

Emma Richards, NHS Trust Health and Safety Advisor, is in this issue’s 60 Second Interview hotseat where she talks about a rise in verbal abuse among NHS staff and why ageing hospital buildings are proving a health and safety challenge.

As well as our regular features, we have the latest industry news including how the law covering compensation for wrongful deaths in Scotland could be overhauled and a reminder that there’s only a month left to book your tickets for InterConstruct 09 in Edinburgh.

Remember, Connect carries all your latest branch and group events as well as information on CPD, IPD, Professional Development courses and jobs in your area.

I hope you find this issue of Connect useful. If you have any comments, or want to be featured in one of our articles, then please drop me a line.

Shaun Gibbons
e-Editor, IOSH



Good practice: managing workplace violence

According to a recent survey by the British Retail Consortium, violence in the workplace is on the increase. Noel Walsh, a leading legal expert who specialises in workplace violence, talks to Connect about what companies can do to safeguard against not only the human cost, but the financial cost too.

Sadly, some workers treat violence and abuse as ‘part of the job’. Doormen, frontline NHS staff and security guards are just some of the people that put up with threats and assaults on a regular basis. The British Crime Survey revealed that six per cent of transport workers are likely to be threatened and three per cent will be assaulted by a member of the public in the course of their job.

To add to the gloom, the British Retail Consortium last year reported a 50 per cent rise in the number of incidents of violence towards staff in both local convenience stores and supermarkets. There’s also been a 25 per cent jump in the number of incidents involving security workers, in particular violence towards those who transfer cash. And according to a two-year study by the London School of Economics, bouncers are becoming the main law enforcement providers in many inner-city areas as local police are unable to cope with drunken clubbers.

The financial cost of workplace violence was highlighted recently in a BBC Panorama documentary which estimated that the NHS spends over £100 million a year tackling the problem. This, says Noel Walsh, is a cost that will be reflected in the public sector generally.

“Workers who have to deal with customers face-to-face on a regular basis are far more likely to experience threatening behaviour as well as abusive language.

“Figures released by the National Board of Crime Prevention found that 70 per cent of all physical attacks on workers come up in one of three situations – trying to stop a theft, dealing with an angry customer or simply dealing with a trouble-maker.”

Although statistics show a general increase in workplace violence, there are regional differences. For example in Scotland, reported cases of violence against rail staff fell by 15 per cent compared to an increase of 12 per cent in England.

“There may be a number of reasons to explain the difference,” said Noel, “but the main one is the enforcement of Scotland’s zero tolerance campaign. It really seems to have worked.”

The economic recession is clearly a contributing factor in the general increase in workplace violence.

“There’s strong evidence, particularly in the security sector, that the recession is having an impact with an increase in cash robberies and retail theft.”

So what steps can organisations take to manage the risk of violence at work?

Risk assessment 

Risk assessments and the policies that go with them are often too generic and not site-specific or fail to reflect existing circumstances. Each assessment should consider:

  • planned assessment – identify specific factors and underlying causes and plan the right controls
  • interaction and response – engage with your staff on when, where and why abuse and violence occurs and how they feel they can be supported
  • post-incident review – learn from incidents and support the victim

Training

Companies should consider:

  • effective communication – how to talk to customers in an unaggressive way while acknowledging and hearing what they have to say
  • identifying potential risks and trigger points and having the skills, often from acting out situations, to defuse and de-escalate situations if they become violent

Raising the alarm

A way of communicating and calling for assistance is crucial for lone workers where a risk has been identified. Most buses are now fitted with radios or panic alarms. In the public sector, NHS staff and social workers often carry mobile phones or personal alarms as well as using a tracking or reporting system when they’re on an off-site visit.

Prevention

There is a range of measures companies can introduce, including CCTV, fixed screens, high security safety film on glass windows and screens, and signs clearly advising that violence and abuse will not be tolerated.

Background

It’s good practice to keep in contact with local authorities as well as local crime prevention officers who may be able to give you background information on local crime.

Environment

Consider things such as waiting areas (are they comfortable?), layout and queue control. It’s also worth thinking about how to let customers or clients know about service delays.

Reporting

Violence and abuse often goes unreported, with minor acts of violence and abuse being labelled ‘part of the job’. Without this data employers can’t monitor when, how and where violent incidents happen – knowledge which is vital to prepare a risk assessment, identify training needs and improve security measures. Make sure reporting methods are practical and consider using incident books or online/telephone reporting.

After the event

In many ways, aftercare is almost as important as preventing the attack itself. Victims may suffer significant psychological injury which could prevent them from returning to work for long periods. Employers should make counselling available and refer victims to an occupational health specialist if necessary. They should also consider trained personnel who can debrief and assist members of staff who’ve been involved in a traumatic event.

If there’s CCTV of the incident, make sure it’s kept. Witness evidence is vital - if possible, take a brief statement about what happened from witnesses.

Factfile

  • The HSE definition of workplace violence is “any incident in which a person is abused, threatened or assaulted in circumstances relating to their work”
  • Noel Walsh is Head of Commercial Insurance at Weightmans LLP and sits on advisory panels to the retail and security sectors

Links

British Occupational Health Research Foundation

HSE

IOSH event

Violence in healthcare


Spotlight: feeling the force

 

The RNLI has been saving lives at sea since 1824. There are over 230 lifeboat stations around the UK and Republic of Ireland and so far, the lifeboat crews and lifeguards have saved over 137,000 lives. Connect went to visit Colin French, Health and Safety Manager for RNLI, in Poole, Dorset, to find out what it’s like working for the charity.

“Working for the RNLI has given me the opportunity to meet a great mix of people who are all so passionate about what they do. The RNLI crews and lifeguards risk their lives every day to save others, so it’s vital we do all we can from a health and safety point of view for them.”

The Lifeboat College, based in Poole, is used to train staff, crews and lifeguards. Around 2,000 people pass through the college every year to take part in the different courses. The sea survival pool at the college is used for training, including practising capsizes. Complete darkness, thunder, lightning and helicopter recovery can all be simulated to very real effect but in a controlled environment.

“We have a policy that covers the entire organisation. When the crews are on land we do our utmost to make sure they follow it, but we work on the basis that when the lifeboat crews are out on service it’s about dynamic risk. That's why they’re given specialist training, including frequent training at sea to practise drills.”

Colin adds:

“The crews could never say that they’ll do something or use equipment in a certain way because all rescues are unique. Instead it’s about using common sense.”

Ironically, crews and lifeguards are more likely to get involved in an accident when on land. In the workshops or around the office the most common types of injuries and accidents are strains and sprains, and slips, trips and falls.

“The complacency factor can come into play because people perceive that being on land is less risky than when they’re out at sea.”

Injuries at sea can be far more severe. In the lifeboats, the crews can suffer impact injuries from the constant movement of the boat. Lifeguarding injuries tend to occur in the surf zone. Because of the nature of the RNLI's activities, the level of instruction, training and control is at a high standard.

“When crews go on a shout, particularly in the smaller in-shore lifeboats, they have to hold on to avoid hitting the side of the boat as it rides over the waves. They can also suffer strains when they pull people into the boat during a rescue. More rarely, they may sustain limb fractures.”

Colin relates one example of this, when a small D-class lifeboat was on a night rescue in choppy seas. The boat landed heavily after passing over a large wave and a crew member hit the radio console in the front of the boat, fracturing their wrist in the process.

"This is very rare compared to the number of rescues we handle. Each year we have around 300 accidents – 60 per cent on land and 40 per cent at sea."

Colin goes out on exercises to get an idea of what the crew do so he can understand all the implications.

“Having knowledge of what they do and experiencing similar situations to the crew helps me make the right decisions and come up with a pragmatic solution when dealing with risk assessments and policies.

“Even though slips do happen, housekeeping in the lifeboat station is extremely high. The crews are extra conscious of keeping things clean and tidy because the stations are open to the public.

“Because there are so many stations it’s not always easy for me and my team of two to check everything, so the general responsibility of the station is usually split between the lifeboat’s operation manager, station mechanic and divisional management team. I do aim to make visits to the stations to carry out general checks and regular audits.”

Colin visits the RNLI shops and museums as well as the stations. He recently took a trip to Cromer in Norfolk to one of the museums to carry out a fire risk assessment.

“This is something we do for every part of the RNLI. The majority of the visits are planned, but we do also carry out unannounced audits.”

The RNLI has a health and safety committee consisting of representatives from all areas of the charity, including lifeboats, lifeguards, fundraising, engineering, HR and training, shops and estates.

“The committee gives an opportunity for all the departments to talk to us about what they’ve been dealing with and if there have been any accidents or near misses. The feedback from the meetings helps develop our competence-based training and risk management programmes.

“We communicate with staff and crew on a regular basis through notices, briefings and poster campaigns. We also ask the divisional management team to talk about health and safety when they do their six month visits to the stations. We always focus on the need to make information practical and easy to understand.

“We’ve introduced a graphic called ‘Mr Wise’ to promote working safely and have produced posters with different scenarios to make people see that health and safety is important.”

Colin and his team are currently developing a new strategy document.

“For the next five years we want to take the opportunity to improve health and safety at the RNLI. We’ve been looking at how we can communicate safety effectively and how we can capture and issue data, while also making it less bureaucratic."

A couple of years ago the team introduced a new accident database for all the stations to log accident reports online.

“We’ve reduced the time it takes to report an accident from 10 days to 10 minutes. Within a matter of minutes of receiving an accident notification the wheels can be put into motion. This system also speeds up support for the injured person.”

Since Colin started working for the RNLI in 2003 he’s enjoyed every part of his role.

“Working for the RNLI gives me such a range to my day. From the office right through to the wave machines at the Lifeboat College, there’s never a dull day.”

 

Factfile:

  • Colin has been a member of IOSH since 2001 and belongs to the Construction Group and the South Coast Branch
  • The RNLI saves 22 lives a day
  • There are over 4,500 lifeboat crew members, mostly volunteers, in the UK and Republic of Ireland

 

Link:

RNLI


60 Second interview

Emma Richards, Trust Health and Safety Advisor for the NHS and member of the Healthcare Group Committee, talks to Connect

What’s one of the most memorable experiences you’ve had in your health and safety career?

One highlight was being a finalist in the healthcare section at the SHP IOSH awards in 2007 for our work on violence prevention.

What do you get out of your job?

I get enjoyment and satisfaction from my job. I also enjoy the challenges I’m faced with as it keeps it interesting.

You work in the healthcare sector. What issues can you see coming up?

One of the issues at the moment is the age of many hospital buildings. I think this is going to cause a number of health and safety challenges in the future.

What’s the most common type of accident in your sector?

Slips, trips and falls are the most common, as I’m sure they are for most organisations!

Has there been an increase in physical and verbal abuse in your sector?

We’ve noticed a rise in verbal abuse in the last three or four years. I’d say it’s a challenge for all organisations, particularly when the public are encouraged to speak their minds. It doesn’t help that the NHS is constantly put in a bad light by the press which puts pressure on the staff who do a good job.

Do you want to be considered for a 60 Second Interview? Contact the e-Editor.


 

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